Tra từ family - Từ điển Oxford Learners Wordfinder Dictionary

1 being a family
2 taking care of a family
3 parents and children
4 brothers, sisters and cousins
5 husbands and wives

1 being a family
- parents and their children: family (with singular or plural verb)
He would like to spend more time with his family. ◎ Where do your family live? ◎ the Jones family ◎ a friend of the family ◎ a family holiday ◎ the family car
- a family where the children live with only one parent: one-parent family, single-parent family
- the group of children in a family: family
My son and his wife are coming for Christmas and they're going to bring the family.
- a name given to all the members of a family: surname, family name
'What's your surname?' 'Jones.'
- the way a family lives: family life (noun U)
How are you enjoying family life?
- all the people who live in one house: household
a large household
- anything connected with the private family home is domestic
domestic life ◎ domestic violence
- the group of people who are related to one another: family (noun C/U)
My family came to Canada in the 19th century. ◎ members of my family ◎ She lives on her own - she hasn't got any family. ◎ We're having a family get-together on Saturday.
※ being related
- a member of your family: relation, relative; adjective: related (to you); the way you are connected: relationship
We've got the relations coming over for the day. ◎ We've got the same name but we're not related. ◎ 'Is he related to you?' 'Yes he's my brother.' ◎ 'What's the relationship between Sue and Lucy?' 'They're cousins.'
- a person who is not a member of your family is unrelated, not related
- near in a family relationship (for example a cousin): close; opposite: distant
a close/distant relative of mine
※ similarities between family members
- to look like or be like a parent or older member of your family: take* after sb
You really take after your mother.
- something such as an illness or a quality which is passed from parents to children is hereditary
All the men in that family are bald - I suppose it's hereditary.
- something which is passed on from a parent to all their children and their children's children runs* in the family
All her children are very artistic - it must run in the family.

2 taking care of a family
- to look after children in a family until they are adults and to teach them how to behave: bring* sb up, raise sb
Bringing up children is never easy. ◎ to raise a family
- the way sb is brought up: upbringing
to give a child a good upbringing
- a person who earns all or most of the money in a family: breadwinner
My father recently lost his job so my mother's the main breadwinner now.
- to have enough money to be able to look after a family: support a family
I need a job so I can support my family.

3 parents and children
- a mother or father: parent (usually plural); adjective: parental
I'm going to meet her parents. ◎ parental love
- the state of being a mother or a father: parenthood (noun U)
- a parent who brings up a child on their own: single parent
- names for a father: dad, daddy, (formal) father
- the state of being a father: fatherhood (noun U), (formal) paternity (noun U)
- behaving like a father: fatherly, paternal
fatherly concern ◎ paternal duties
- names for a mother: mum (AmE mom), mummy, (formal) mother
Where does your mum work?
- the state of being a mother: motherhood (noun U)
Motherhood really suits her.
- connected with women who are going to have or have just had a baby: maternity
a maternity dress ◎ maternity leave (= time off from work in order to have and care for a baby)
- behaving like a mother: motherly, maternal
She's a motherly sort of person. ◎ maternal instincts
- a woman who is expecting a baby: expectant mother
- Molly and Bill have four children
- Anna and Julia are their daughters, (informal) girls
The girls are cooking the supper tonight.
- Paul and Mark are their sons, (informal) boys
He's extremely proud of his boys.
- Paul is older than Mark: Paul is Molly and Bill's older/elder son; Mark is their younger son
- Anna is older than Julia: Anna is Molly and Bill's older/elder daughter; Julia is their younger daughter
- Paul is older than Anna, Julia and Mark: he is Molly and Bill's oldest/eldest (child)
- Mark is younger than Anna, Julia and Paul: he is their youngest (child)
Note: elder and eldest can only be used before the noun; they cannot be used with 'than'.
- to take a child into your home and make him/her your son/daughter by law: adopt (sb); noun (C/U): adoption; the child is adopted
- to take a child who needs a home into your family and to care for him/her without becoming the legal parents: foster (sb)
- the people who foster a child are called foster parents, foster mother, foster father
- a child who has been fostered is a foster child (plural foster children)
- if your father/mother marries again, your new parent is a stepmother/stepfather; you are their stepson/stepdaughter, stepchild (plural stepchildren)
- the parents of your parents: grandparents; female: grandmother, (informal) grannygrandma; male: grandfather, (informal) grandadgrandpa
- the children of your children: grandchildren; female: granddaughter; male: grandson
- the parents of your grandparents: great-grandparents; female: great-grandmother; male: great-grandfather

4 brothers, sisters and cousins
- Anna (see above) is Paul's sister; Paul is Anna's brother
- Anna and Julia are sisters; Paul and Ken are brothers
- Paul is older than Anna: Paul is Anna's big brother, older/elder brother; Anna is Paul's little sister, younger sister
- a brother/sister with whom you share one parent: half-brother/half-sister
- if your mother or father marries again and your new parent has a child by a previous marriage, this child is your stepsister, stepbrother
This is Steve, my stepbrother.
- either of two children who have the same parents and are born at the same time: twin
They're twins. ◎ my twin sister
- twins who look exactly the same are identical twins
- three children who have the same parents and are born at the same time: triplets
- four children who have the same parents and are born at the same time: quads
- the brother of your father or mother: uncle
- the sister of your father or mother: aunt, (informal) auntie
- a child of your uncle or aunt: cousin
- the son of your brother or sister: nephew
- the daughter of your brother or sister: niece
Note: the husband of your aunt is also called your uncle. The wife of your uncle is also called your aunt.

5 husbands and wives
- the person that a woman is married to: husband
- the person that a man is married to: wife (plural wives)
※ being married MARRY
- the father/mother of your husband or wife is your father-in-law/mother-in-law (plural fathers-in-law/mothers-in-law)
- the parents of your husband or wife: parents-in-law, (informal) in-laws
She doesn't get on very well with her in-laws.
- the wife of your son is your daughter-in-law; the husband of your daughter is your son-in-law
- the husband of your sister, or the brother of your husband or wife, is your brother-in-law; the wife of your brother, or the sister of your husband or wife, is your sister-in-law
※ MORE ...
- a person in your family who lived a long time before you, from whom you are descended: ancestor; all of a person's ancestors when you think of them as a group: ancestry (noun U); adjective: ancestral
My ancestors came from Scotland. ◎ They were very proud of their ancestry.
- a person who is related to sb who lived a long time ago is that person's descendant
- a single stage in a family history: generation
The photograph shows three generations in our family - my grandparents, my parents, and me.
- the family consisting just of parents and their children: (formal) nuclear family
- the family including grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, etc: (formal) extended family
- your closest relative, who should be told if you are injured or killed: next of kin
- a person who takes responsibility for a child in a church ceremony (a christening/baptism) and promises to bring them up as a Christian: godfather/godmother, godparent; the child is their godson/goddaughter, godchild (plural godchildren)
- a special Sunday in the year when children give their mother a small present: Mother's Day, Mothering Sunday
- a day when children give their father a small present: Father's Day